liiMiiiiiHIiiihiiiiiiiliiililllillliililiilillliiiiiliiiniliiiliiilililiiulliiiiilliiililililiiilhllliliilililililllllilillillliliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 




he Double Book Binding. Patent applied for 



niNiiiiiiniiiiiininiiiiiniiiiiiniiNniiiiiiHiniiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiinniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiililiiiiiiiiiiiiih n;l 



Copyright, 1920, by Ginn and Company 



fEB lb 



, ,e,9l ©CU609393 



^%^ 



h 



PREFACE 



The purpose of these map studies is to fix more 
firmly in the mind of the student the more important 
geographic and pohtical features that have influenced 
the history of the various countries of Europe. The 
importance of knowing accurately the location of 
places is being more universally recognized by history 
teachers every year. There is no more effective or 
quicker method of gaining that knowledge than by 
careful work in map studies. 

Every good history today is supplied with excellent 
maps, but it has been repeatedly proved that too often 
a hasty reference to these maps results only in a con- 
fused general idea of the territory studied. Every 
textbook map must necessarily contain very many 
more features than the student is interested in at 
any one time. The result is that he carries away 
from the map a vague idea of boundaries, of the 
location of many cities, or of the direction of a 
specific trade route. But if that same student, after 
outlining the continent, inserts those boundaries him- 
self, marks in the cities, or traces the trade route, he 
really learns their locations ; they have become a part 
of his own background of history. 

These map studies have been prepared to meet 
the requirements of the several texts which begin 



with the reign of Charlemagne; if the class is using 
a text that begins with the events that followed the 
Thirty Years' War, Maps I, III, and IV, and the first 
assignment of Map II, may be omitted at the dis- 
cretion of the teacher. 

The extra tracing sheets make possible any addi- 
tional exercises that the individual teacher may wish 
to have the students undertake. It has been the pur- 
pose of the authors in preparing this manual to allow 
for a wide range of initiative by the teacher. In 
courses which emphasize commercial or industrial 
history the students may add to their traced maps 
geographic or commercial features. 

The flexibility of such a series of map studies as 
this should be kept constantly in mind. All the 
greater changes in the map of Europe during the 
past thousand years are covered by the material in 
this manual, but the teacher should not hesitate to 
adapt it to the particular needs of his own special 
courses. 

The authors desire to express their gratitude to 
Mrs. Helen K. Thomas for her valuable suggestions 
in the construction of the map of Europe after the 
World War. 

THE AUTHORS 



CONTENTS 

LESSON p^^g 

I. Europe in the Time of Charlemagne (814) . 

II. The British Isles g 

III. Europe about a.d. iooo g 

IV. Commercial Towns and Trade Routes (13th and 14th centuries) 10 

V. Europe after the Treaties of Utrecht and Rastadt (17 13-17 14) 12 

VI. The Partitions of Poland 

14 

VII. Europe at the Time of Napoleon's Greatest Power (1810) 16 

VIII. Central Europe after the Congress of Vienna (18x5) " 18 

IX. Germany after 1871 20 

X. European Possessions in Africa (19 14) . 22 

XI. The War Area of the Western Front (1914-1918) 24 

XII. Europe before the World War (1914) ,6 

XIII. The Balkan States before the World War (1914) 28 

XIV. Europe after the World War (19 19) ,0 



DIRECTIONS 



The pages of this book open to the left, the tracing 
sheets to the right, so that as many tracing sheets as 
may be required can be used with any one map. 
Either pencil or pen may be used on the tracing 
sheet, but the use of ink will result in clearer and 
neater work. The use of colored crayons will simplify 
the work in some assignments; for example, blue 
crayon may be used where the gray stipple tint is 
shown over the bodies of water in the printed maps, 
although it is not essential that the gray tint be copied 
on the tracing sheets. 

In the textbook used by the class first find the 
map or maps relating to the exercise to be studied 
in this book. Turn the first unused sheet of tracing 
paper at the back of this book to the right, then back 
over the outline map. The tracing sheets as used 
may be turned to the right and remain there. 



Trace all lines exactly as indicated on the outline 
map, including the title and the scale of miles. Then 
complete the work as assigned on the left-hand sheet 
facing the outline map. In cases where there is not 
sufficient room to print or write a name on the map, 
place a number in the proper position and then write 
the number and corresponding name in the margin 
or any other convenient place on the sheet. Where 
indicated, the final assignment is to be done on the 
printed outline map itself. 

The most important places will be found on the 
maps in all of the more widely used textbooks. If 
less important names are omitted from the map used, 
as will occasionally be the case, the teacher may deter- 
mine whether such names are to be sought in other 
reference books or omitted from the required work. 



2 f= 

° s 

S -2 iS 

C -is 1—1 

s §- 

S C § 

■S i! ^ 

oj "3 C 

^ W W 

«3 -^ >~j 



O 



1) 
J3 



J3 



03 
O 
O 
-1 



3 






o 



T3 6 

c i3 



c 

o 



o >- 

D 
• O 

)-( .s; _, 






o 

o 



<u 


CL 


a 




a 


c 


M 




CO 




< 


^ 




3 




O 



.y S 

-a -a 
c 

.S o 






^3 



-G 
c 






X) 
1) 
u 

V 
3 

cr 
c 
o 
o 



13 > 



42 
o 



CL, .^ 



PL, 



3j 



o 



G 
bjO 

03 



HJ <U 



o3 
.G 

H 



OJ >" nj _^ 



S § 



^ U 
H 



6 
o 

c 



§1 



00 

W 
< 

w 
< 

X 
u 

o 



<U OJ 

CO P2l > 






bD 
C 

o 



42 



oi 
O 
O 



c 
2 -" I ii 

-Q r=l n! O o 

w w o H-1 P-, Pi; Pii 



1) 

c 
o 

J2 42 






t4-H 


C/) 


dJ 


-i:j 




o 

4-> 


03 


r-; 






^ r"] 


C 


O 






W 


3 




QJ 






o 


IH 


j:: 




S 


Xi 


g 


-4-1 




OJ 










03 


V 


o 


03 




C 


OJ 


""" 






o 


rt 


(/J 


-a 






tj 


u. 


"a 






'S 


rt 






»-H 




CU 


> 


1) 


d 

a 


u 


OJ 




bfl 


<LI 


<u 


tfl 


f:i 


a, 




§ 




b£ 






'3- 
S 


Th 


•a 


bj) 
'o 


CD 

-4-J 
Cl—i 


03 
42 
U 



i3 O W 









in 

s 








'0 


1-H 






o 








H 




o 


-a 

bJ3 

c 

42 






03 
> 


4-1 

G 
>-, 




I 




o3 


bJD 


u i 




o 


ex 
'bO ^ 

G G 
tn 






-G 

'g 

OS 


C 

o 

43 
42 
bJ3 




.is o 


W 

Ph 

o 


c 
o 

03 


CL, 

m 

V 
42 


G 

HJ 
-G 


03 
42 >^ 

13 3 


c 
u 

oj 




; the foil 
emagne' 


e^ 


!/) 


H 


OJ 


U Q 


w 


w 


D 






i^ 








y 


W 






^ 














I-] 








hJ ^ 



<u 






Oh 






& 













03 






_G 






42 






*^_) 






U 
-3 


G 


G 


C 
03 


03 
> 



03 

03 




<L) 


to 


ID 


G 


X 


42 


!" 


G 


;-. 


oi 



• ^ J-; c: o o 



03 03 



<;<pquuatr;:2; 



bD 

G 









'% 


c/) 

C 






_o 









S 


1) 






(U 


M 








U3 

0. 





















.2 


03 


rt 











'S 


^ 


;S) 




.5 




'C 




'3 


. 







a" 


i-t 


u 




< 


4-> 








a 


4_t 


CJ 




4) 


<.f-, 


G 




a 





bfl 




a 




03 

E 




en 

< 


_o 


o3 




'> 


42 







S 




.3 


S 


'c 


G 




OI 


G 
03 


S) 


to 


> 




j-T 


3 


o! 


*u 


3 


OJ 



< < eq pq pq :2; 



G 





u 


w 


1) 




h 


G 


3 









T3 



-5 U 



^ 

^ 


0! 

E 
dj 




B 


03 

u 


^ 


o3 
43 

E 














"rt 









pq 


U 


4-, 

1 1 


J 






c/^ 










u 


.OJ 










4-* 


>-> 













-4— > 


43 


4-) 










oi 



T3 















<U 










H-l 


3 













/ 



<3 



^<5 



■=55c5 



c^ 



^^' 



"^ 



^Ci^ 



lO^ 



"O^ 



o> 



^o 



^1 



C5 



(7 







i s 






H , o 






u §■ 




\ 


X O 3- 




\ 


INT 

EMA 

aJe of mi 
30( 




f 


EUROPE 
F CHARL 

Sc 
100 20 




\ 


O °' 



Copyrightj 1020, by Ginn and Company 



LESSON II 



THE BRITISH ISLES 



Note. The assignments on this map may 
DC given at such times as the student has 
studied the particular phase of English his- 
:ory necessary to the work. 



Assignment I. Locate London and 
Z;hester, and indicate the Kingdom of 
Wessex (England in the time of Alfred 
:he Great, 878). 

Locate the mouth of the River Tweed 
md Solway Firth, and indicate England of 
;he Plantagenets (after Henry II, 11 54). 

Indicate the England of Edward I, 
who annexed Wales. 



Assignment II. On a new sheet of 
tracing paper indicate the four divisions 
of the present Kingdom of Great Britain 
and Ireland. 



Locate the following cities ; 



Aberdeen 

Bristol 

Canterbury 

Chester 

Cork 

Dublin 

Edinburgh 

Exeter 

Galway 

Glasgow 

Hastings 

Liverpool 

London 

Oxford 

Salisbury 

York 



Locate the following islands ; 

Anglesey 

Hebrides 

Man 

Orkney 

Shetland 

Skye 

Wight 



Assignment III. On the printed out- 
line map locate the following counties of 
England : 

Note. This' assignment should be com- 
pleted by placing the numbers of the counties 
on the map. 

1. Bedford 

2. Berkshire 

3. Buckingham 

4. Cambridge 

5. Cheshire 

6. Cornwall 

7. Cumberland 

8. Derby 

9. Devon 

10. Dorset 

1 1 . Durham 

12. Essex 

13. Gloucester 

14. Hampshire 

15. Hereford 

16. Hertford 

17. Huntingdon 

18. Kent 

19. Lancashire 

20. Leicester 

21. Lincoln 

22. Middlesex 

23. Monmouth 

24. Norfolk 



25. Northampton 

26. Northumberland 

27. Nottingham 

28. Oxford 

29. Rutland 

30. Shropshire 

3 1 . Somerset 

32. Stafford 

33. Suffolk 

34. Surrey 

35. Sussex 

36. Warwick 

37. Westmorland 

38. Wiltshire 

39. Worcester 

40. York 

In the same manner locate the follow- 
ing counties of Wales : 

1 . Anglesey 

2. Brecknock 

3. Cardigan 

4. Carmarthen 

5. Carnarvon 

6. Denbigh 
- 7. Flint 

8. Glamorgan 

9. Merioneth 

10. Montgomery 

1 1 . Pembroke 

12. Radnor 

In the same manner locate the follow- 
ing provinces of Ireland : 

1. Connaught 

2. Leinster 

3. Munster 

4. Ulster 



THE BRITISH ISLES 



50 



Scale of miles 
100 

■ 





Copyright, 1920, by Ginn and Company 



c 
o 



3 "5 






3 r- TO u 

m ^ o z 



o ^ o o 

o 3 o a 

3 o ^ 3 

Q U Q O 



> 
•5 



g,| 8 B 

V- nj M >:! ij 

3 FT ™ o =; 





a. 


• w 


biD 


E 


q 


C 


W 


nj 


"S 




E 


_o 


c 


tu 




rt 




1 


E 


< 


OJ 


o 


o 














't~> 


c 


>■ 




J-. 


J= 


(U 


V 


(J 


4-J 




3 

P 


'S 


> 




C 


K^ 




t— 1 


(U 





3 

< 



o 



m m 






° ° „ 

^ ^ -9 

O U H 

3 3 O 

Q Q J 



^ 



c 
o 

X 

OJ 



C 

o 







> 


o 


s^ 


M-( 






O 


o 


c/5 


U 


3 


3 


rt 


Q 


h 


S 







OJ 


^3 


c 


3h ^ ^^ 


o 


o 
-a 


« S - P O 


*— 1 


c 


u; rt cih 4-' 4=1 




o 


nJ ■- nS TH X 


G 


1 


§ S ^ c o 


< 






H 






D 






O 






CQ 






< 






W 




^ 

^ 


Oh 






O 






C^ 




'S. 


D 




E 


W 




W 













3 


> 
















o 


'S 
















ID 


















0) 


tiO 


















c 
















*c 


■g 




D 












!X 


^ 




.s >^ 












(U 






ca C 












J= 




.ti '^ 












-J-> 






3 t! 












c 


o 




o- -c; 












o 


_c 




< « 












hH 


(U 




o o 




OJ 

s 

o 


<u 

'S 


o 


o 


+-> 

g 




OJ 

o 
C 
OS 


uchy 
uchy 


(S 


Pi 


> 


> 


> 


s 

CI 




Ph 


Q Q 












a 














'm 


E 
















(A 




Ul 














<! 




.2 








-a 



t/5 

S « o 

S-. --5 CJ 



*-i ^ 1^ u^ ■--> 

Oh K CO c/) ;> 



E 

w 

E o 

Oi C/3 O hU 

OJ -^ 

— M 

-, C3 OJ 

•^ fe: ;> 



0! 



D. -Si 



G 

o 



OJ 



OJ 

1-1 iH 
ft 



bO 



3 



o 2 "f 

O rt t« 

3 OJ c/5 

bJO TD ~ 



bb 2fi 'P § n u, 
^ 3 5 o ^ - -2 
< < <; pq U U h 



bo 

c 

o 



•4-) 

u 

-4-J 

o 
O 



a 

d 

be 



o 



<! S 



o 



P 

o 

TD 
biD 
C 

3 
O 
X 

ra 
CO 



be 
C 

< 



E 
o 

bx) 

c 

c 



^-g 



o 

T3 
O 

U 



s 



5 ^ 



OJ 



^JD bJ3 
3 



rt 
^ 



bO C 
'3 3rtl3fciraS3aj£;.yJ5 



(U 



c 

TO 



C 
TO 

3 
J3 



T3 



u 

3 

Q 




Copyright, I'-i'M, by Giiui aud Company 



in 

S 

D 
H 
Z 

W 

u 

H 



Q 
< 

H 



CO 

w 

H 
D 
O 
£^ 

W 
Q 
< 



2 

< 

O 
H 

u 
w 






•T3 






O 






c y -a 
> > 



4-* 

o 

2 



o 
c 

O 



t: 


14^ 




tu 


o 


■*-' 




»— * 


a, 










TD 




"O 


re 


C 

re 


^ 


c 
re 


'J) 




o 






■o 




>^ 


(J 


c 
re 


o 


E« 


re 


"bb 


o 


o 


m 


c 

^W 


in 


2; 



+ 
+ 



-a 
c 

re 



o 
Ei- 
re 
'Si 



re 

(U 






Wl S W) o. 



bJD 



O 

(U 

a 



3 -s 





X 


<u 






re 


3 


c 


d 


0) 


c 


re 


bJD 


c 


be 


(U 


_o 


E 


bjo 


O 


T3 
^ 


"d 


_o 


o 


O 


O 


l-< 


"o 



W) ; 



c -e •- 



c 



D. 



-X -G <L> 

PQracQfqOpHOi-l 



(U 



o 

Oh 

re 
<u 

to 

c 

o 



- § 

O fl 

^ re 



t>D 






.^^i 



^ 



o 






K a X ^ Pi in in 



i^ i ° 



re '^ rt — 



re 



c o 

re ^-^ 



b£ 



J5 



12 

w 

"i 
& 

re 



re (LI 

_h 'J 

C re 

U ^ 

M g S 

I > -H 

J-> Q I— I 

^ T3 

P O _- 

_n >- re 

C 3 C 

C W O 

re *^ -- 
X 



-a 
c 
re 



a, 
o 
c 

c 
re 

c 
o 

U 



bJO re 
^ W 

re 



3 

Pi 



-■B 



m 



n T3 



3 

o 
-a 



-a 
<u 



o o 



.£ -t-i 



bjO 



o 
1-. 
o 

bJD 
> 
O 



<u 








-Q 








S 




u 


c 




M 


s 


'S 


3 


1-1 

re 

Ph 


o 


OJ 
CO 



bj} 



CO 



re 

c u 
re • " 

H > 



a. 
aj 

-4-* 

c 

O 



o 
o 



o 

!i 
re 
<u 

CO 

bX) 
C 



(U 

4d 



re 
o 
o 

H-1 



3. 
'a. 
o 

.S 

C 
re 



pq U kJ 



e 

a 
be 



c -a 

(L) c 

u .is 

OJ 

•| S 

^ 13 

re --t: 



Dh 



3 

o 



re 

bJCi 
c 

■g 

o 






T3 

(LI 



(U 
X! 
to 

ba 

.S 
'0 
re 



(U 

O 



C 

re 



o .S 



(L) t-H 

g 

a 

a 

bJO 



(U 



c 

(U 

6 
c 

_bp 
*co 

CO 

< 



re 
o 
o 

h-1 



■a o 



T3 

(L) 



3 .a 



re 
a, c 
aj ^ 

I " 

< pq 



(U 

re 



o 
u 



bx) 

c 



^ 


3 


o 


O 


'—^^ 


Ph 


o 




•-W 


u 


(L) 


V 


^ 


re 


-4-1 


> 


(U 


> 


■*-» 

re 


c 


CJ 


_re 


o 


'■4-> 


kJ 


u re 




(U -5 


1-5 


> 1 


•M 


(U S 


d 


■f! 5J 



(U 

c 

bo 

o 



^s 



re 



o 

JO 



c 
o 

4-* 

ex 

s 

re 

' 3 

o 



a>- ■< ^ ^ <j ^';a 'z. Si m > 

CO ir 
to O 

<• a. 

^ re 



0) 
,i3 



to 

o 

re 

(U 
CO 

be 
C 



3 
O 
Pi 






a 
u 
o 



(U 

o 
c 

o 



3 re 

!£ re o 



o 

N 



CO 



re (y re 



3 

(U CO 

S 3 



< U O H H H 



lO 




^ 




Copyright, liW, by Gian and Company 



II 



1-1 

r-( 

I 
TO 

T-l 
t^ 

Q 
< 

c/) 
< 

Q 



u 
w 

H 

D 

O 

CO 

W 

< 
W 

H 
W 

Pi 

w 

< 

W 

Oh 
O 

C^ 
D 
W 



u 

'3 

□- 
o 



O 



<L) 
C 



o 



s 

E 

o 

0^ 



c 



^ 



-a 



3 



o 



C3 

.2 -a 

« -a 

3 V- 



2 -^ 

CD u 



A^ c/7 c/2 c75 H 



C/1 



c/: 

s : 



o 






c 



-a 
c 

'bJO 
c 

w 



o 



a> > 






<u 



-a 



4J o 



1) C3 



KJ2cH0i&i;D>> 



O 



be OJ 

■> 'o. 
•£ E 

" ;>, 
O X^ 
— O 

P D 

<u 

c ^ 
:^ o 



-a 

c 

c 
o -2 .2 .2 



3 3 



< < < 



a "o 



■< <U ■" 



3 



CO C/) 



u 



o o rS 



o 

•o 

bjO 

c 



ca E 



c 

O! 



o -C -5 



g 

o 
-a 
be OJ N ^ ^' 



c 
o 

c/5 

3 

H 
o 



be 
C 

o 



E 
-a 



S s 



^ LO ui Ui Ui m m i-< 



o 

3 

a 



3 



s 

< 



be 
;-> 
3 

C 



03 
J2 



=:: a O O 



o 



be 

c 



T3 
C 






g w 

o ^ 

►J o 

a « 

S ^ 

bo --; 



o 
a. 



Oj 

E 
c 
<u 

Q 



e 

03 

C 

o 



o 
c 

03 



C 



rq 



OJ rj 



03 

be 
c 

3 



03 



03 
C 
<L) 
13 

r= O 



oJ 



5 a -4 



O 

-a 
be 

c 

i5 



o 



^ o 



E 

o , . 

Ji =^ g. s^ ^ 

H i4 Oi 14 



o o 



-a — 
be P 



E 
o 

be J= ^ ii _j^ 

c y o a. -5 

•-■ 3 3 o3 OJ 

^ Q Q Z :?; 



tu 



c 
,g 

'5 2 

E g 

O 03 

Q ^ 

c o c 

o3 O 

s ^ e 

S u T3 

ti 3 f 

O Q £ 



12 




Copyri^'lit, ll'-JU, by Cimn auJ (.'L'iiii.jauy 



13 



LESSON VI 



THE PARTITIONS OF POLAND 



Assignment I. The First Partition, 
772. Indicate the territory acquired by 

Austria 
Prussia 
Russia 

Locate the cities 

Lemberg 
Marienburg 

The Second Partition, 1793. Indicate 
he territory acquired by 

Prussia 
Russia 

Locate the following cities : 

Gnesen 

Danzig 

Kiev 

Posen 

Thorn 



The Third Partition. Indicate the 
territory acquired by 

Austria 
Prussia 
Russia 

Locate the following cities : 

Cracow 

Lublin 

Vilna 

Warsaw 

Assignment II. On the printed out- 
line map indicate the following sections 
of Poland : 

Black Russia 

Curland (or Courland) 

Galicia 

Lithuania 

Little Russia 

Ludomeria 

White Russia 



Indicate the neighboring territories of 

Austria 

East Prussia 

Hungary 

Moldavia 

Pomerania 

Russia 

Silesia 

Sweden 

Locate the following bodies of water : 

Baltic Sea 
Black Sea 
Gulf of Riga 

Locate the following cities : 

Breslau- 

Buda-Pest 

Riga 

St. Petersburg 

Vienna 



14 




^^ — . 



.. * 



PARTITIONS OF POLAND 



so 



Scale of miles 
100 



200 



.12. 




Co[)yriyht. IJJu, by (jiiiiii mid C'uuipaiiy 



15 





•13 
'C 

a- 




P 

^ . 


o 

4-J 
P 

o 


ch Em- 
was at 




1-. 

-4J 

TO 

O 




E 
o 

•4-4 


w TO 

O 


-a 

o 

"o 
o 




4) 




3 


E 




i| 


o 


C 

TO 


p 
o 


5 
•a 

(U 
43 


s -^ 


c 

OJ 

1-4 




■M 






a, 




'"' o 


tf3 


^^ 


_aj 




^ 




c 
O 

1— ( 

d 




«=; 

^ o 'i 

a. 

03 ! 


y 'S p 

i - Si 


^4-1 

o 


t-t-* 
O 

tn 

*n 

TO 

P 

3 
O 


D4 

TO 

^4-4 

o 

a; 


> 

o 

TO 

0) 


''5 . 
c u 

u .S 

en ^H 

3 T3 

•5 a 

43 ■H 

■a >, 




S 


E 




S ^ ''■ 


^-U 




OJ 


^ 


' 






^ 


1/3 


o 


H 




H 




H 






P- 
bJ3 >^ 


ex OJ 


o 


p 










. 




. 




O 


C c^ 


E *= 


r-t 
00 


< 


"Zj 




'i 




«i 




Vj 




Z 


-5 TO 
TO 


8 "5 


i-H 




o 




















<U V4-4 

1-, O 


U J-i 


^ 




























w 




























^ 




























o 




























PU 






















































i 


W 


























w 


H 


TS 






















^ O 


<4-t 


< 






.M 


1 -a 




^ 


U3 




C 


1 <u 


TO 


E o 


o 


o 




c 
' — . 


"n 
_D- 

H-1 


S S S ^ (S h 


; c 


1 _u 
: 'p 

1 OJ 

' > 


P 
P 

> 


bi) ii 

TO TO 


is 

0) 


CO 


























-B 


2 




























O 


























^ 


W 




























J 


















■■ 










o 




























Ph 






P 










4-> 




6 








< 
















1) 

43 


D4 

TO 








2 






p 










bJD 
p 


4-J 


•z 








o 


.2 
















4-J 

TO 
O 


•a 

OJ 








H 


'J) 

o 
p 


o 
p 


4-» 

V. 

a 

o 
g 


T3 


D P 

C^ < 
o o 


IL) 

'o. 

E 
W 


o 

-4-» 
P 

o 

1— 1 


1—1 

p 

OJ 

E 

p 

bo 


:=! 
be 

•i-j 

TO 
43 




N (U 


o ^ 




o 
-a 


I- 

o 
-a 


o 


P 


V 

'5h 


(D -P 




< 


*4-J 

'o 


<L) 
(LI 


•- P 

" be 


o « 




c 


p 


p 




r- 




u 




P 

TO 
OJ 


s "^ 


ti OJ 


H 


3 


5 


'3 




p 


E 


p 
H 




o 


TO 
O 


5 o 

< m 


pq Q 


< 
















to 


13 


04 

g - 


c/3 
























P 


3 


o 

OJ 






o 
















'a 












Di 


^ 














p 

_TO 
N 












D 
W 


1 














P 


5 










u 














'i 


(^ 


TO 

.2 










•5 

§ 

n 






u 

P 

s 

O 


'o 

p 


_p 
"to 

CO 

<-4-( 


TO « ^ O 
" ^ g, P 

^4-1 M-« QJ O 


<-t-4 

o 

>^ 

4=; 


(L> 
O 
_P 

> 


TO TO 

E "55 

p § 

Q Pu 


be 1) 

o S 

Ph CO 




t— 1 






(U 


o 


o c 


' Pi 


■-n 


CJ 


g 


^-4 u-4 


^•^ '4-1 










'a 
E 


c E 

(U o 

a. T3I 


E E 
o c 
V V 


! *4-» 


TO 
u 

aj 


3 

Q 

T3 


Ph 

c 

TO 


O O 

E E 

o o 


o o 

E E 
o o 




d 






W 


u 


on 


bJD be > 


"-4-H 


p 




-o t: 


"O "O 




4J 

a 
.1 






Q 


p 


P C 


<u 


P 

o 

U 


TO 

o 


_>> 


be be 


be be 




p 






CO 


s 


S 5 


K 


HH 


c c 


p p 






H 


il 














S S W W 




to 


O 


























en 


CJ 


























<: 


P 




^ 


^ 














<j 





i6 




n aod (_'ompeny 



17 



I-H 

00 



<u 

C 






c 
o 



g fl^ C/3 



3 "= 

TO ZJ 



o 
-a 
to 
c 



-a 


^ 


c 


Ic 


OJ 




o. 


■5 




-a 


c 


TD 


3 



o 



_- V 

E tc 

.2 T3 
bp 

pq J 
o '5b 

CO '-^ 



CJ I- ... 

u (u c a. 00 



O 



-C C 






13 

C 



CO 

m _ 
o .y 

o 
a. 



V 



CO j:: 
T3 " 
C ^ 



« 



T3 ■•-* 4J 

C <U nj 
= ^ ^ 



C M 

.2 S 
■t: o 



CTI flj 



.. 3 
O ^ 



2 CO ^ S S 

— . T3 ■" (U 



3 



C ° 
3 >, 

2 -= 

3 . 

Q 



o 

,s s 

a 3 

Si m 

(11 < 



C M 



W 
> 

o 

CO 

w 

o 

o 
u 

w 

H 

w 

H 

< 

W 

Cu 
O 
e^ 
D 
W 

< 

H 
2 

w 
u 



ni 



a, 



3 
U 



3 
o 



o Sfi 42 o 



1) 



o 

o i! ca 
.„ ns i-i 
w o OJ 

a O Td 



C 

o 



T3 

3 
o 



0) rt 
OJ o C 

e^ > > ^ •-: td 



-T3 
C 

C 

o 



4-' 



s 



T3 

E 
C 



c 

o 

3 

H 



bo 
C 

o 



4-1 

'-0 



in •? 



N 43 



P g 



CO Q > 



42 



bJD 
S 

o 






u 

o 



- § 

I ^ 

to CJ 

o 



1- o 

S 2 

■S-Q ^ 
c 
o 
CJ 



c 

-a 

o 



W 



c 



I 

■T^ TO 

i: M E 

S c ^- 

3 •-, OJ 

< « O 



E 

o 



c 
o 



(U 

OJ 



03 

" -a ■ 






> CJ 



3 CTS n! O ^ ^ 

< pq pq pq E K 



c 
o 
U 

3 



CL, 

be 

C 

o 






^ "^ o 

o 'O -^ 

«; c 

rt fJ n! 



o 1 



3 



MuQfeajfSiS 






T3 



1) 



o 42 



03 



OJ f-H 



OJ 



-3 



o .s 



oJ •!! ci&. • 



CO 



O -"P 



E 

-3 he S 
^ 3 H 



O O [i| o 



CO 



E 

o 

bjO 
3 

S o t5 



C 3 

03 O 

3 -O 

O '?P 

4-1 >— 



s 

o 

bO 
3 



(3 :i(i 



18 




Copyright, V.tl 



19 



-i5 
y 

'S 

3 



be 

3 I- 

J3 OS 

w bij 

CO +-» 

1- 3 



$ 




3 

o 


o 




•^-1 




i^^ 




^4-« 




H-, 


• 


4-) 








>^ 


c/:i 


O 




o 




O 




o 




3 








-a 




3 


















QJ 




QJ 




4-i 


u 


PL, 


>» 




J=. 








w 
w 




s 




'3 






T3 


O 


OJ 












5i 

be 




J3 
.S3 


g 






OJ 

c 




4-J 






-a 

OJ 

-4-J 


OS 

o 






3 
O 
U 

(U 




3 

OJ 




"5 


c 

CJ 


O 

HH 

a 

0) 

& 
a 


1) 

.1 

a, 


OJ 

o 

OJ 


IN, 


4J 

o 

-4-» 


(U 

vo- 
ce 


OJ 
+-» 

OJ 
T3 
(L) 


-3 

CLI 
ON 


-a 
c 


■4-» 
Cvi 

CO 


C3 

3 
3 

> 


OJ 

OJ 

« 

CO 


3 

s 

QJ 

o 

QJ 
r^ 

O 


o 
o 


1^ 


< 


c 


O 










3 
1 — 1 




3 




3 





;3 o 



3 

QJ 



W QJ 

be -3 



42 QJ 
QJ O 



QJ J- 

"" 1j 

a. 



X 

N— J 

en 
W 
K-1 



00 



b — I 

o 



o 



3 

be 





< 


a 




bO 


O 


to 


^ 



-73 

QJ 



3 -y 



be 

3 

o 



3 

QJ 
O 

OS 



3 Ja! 



be 

3 p 
^ u OJ JD 

^-^ i I - 

,>- s 



o 

^ 3 

i=! •" 

O t\J 

id '-' 

5 fe 

ii -;5 

— QJ 

•r-* TO 



3 
u 



N 



3 

3 ^ <U 

— 3 m --^ 

i_i QJ OJ -3 

OJ t- V-. o 

Cq PQ K U 



^ 3 

be QJ 



o 
'4-. 

w OJ 3 
QJ OT S 

>- M S 

Q W Ph 



be 

3 

E 



QJ 
> 
O 
3 



QJ 

be 



he ^ 



2J^ N 



-n 'c CL, 






£3 

QJ 



Ui U{ H-1 hJ ^ 



3 be 






















.2 .S 






















1 1 




ra 






re 

r-; 


be 




iie 




QJ 




£ 


3 


3 
J2 


s 


u 




;.- 




2 


the p 
!, ind 




'3j 
> 


QJ 

be 


be 


re 




re 




"qj 


m 


QJ 


"£ 


3 

QJ 


3 


S 




& 




3 


:line 
tatej 


QJ 
C/3 


re 




4-> 

< 


■2 
(J 


u 
CO 


3 
QJ 


J3 

o 
CO 




QJ 


ghout 
ian S 


.be 


o 

>^ 

-3 

CJ 


QJ 

re 

in 


CD 
X 

re 


6 

X 
re 

CO 


o 


tn 

3 

re 
-3 

CO 


U^-4 

o 


-a 
re 


o 


rou: 
ring: 


QJ 
QJ 


3 
P 


o 


o 


o 


"re 


QJ 
3 


1 


T3 


1 


3 3 


■*-» 


c 


f 




1-; 


'u 


O 


o 


3 


o 




QJ 




o 

3 

Q 


3 

Q 


O 
3 

P 


3 

Oh 


CO 


.£ 

(in 


Pi 




-^ ^, 


3 




















QJ QJ 


be 


HH 


m' 


CO 


^ 


"^ 




>o 




t~^ 


MH 


>-, 




















O 


XI 





















be 




3 








■& 




_o 












o 




M-. 


<u 


QJ 


U 


x 


'a, 


■*-* 


£ 


re 


W 


u 

o 


3 


hJ 


re 

E 




U 


4.* 


QJ 

a 


a 


QJ 


^ 


O 


w 




(A 


CO 


< 


QJ 

-4-J 




i3 




M 



E 


.re 


.re 


3 


o 


re 


c/3 


n 


•n 


> 


-1 


X 


hn 




u 


re 


3 


P^ 


Ph 


7J 



be 

QJ 

£ 

QJ 









V £i 




















^ V 












<u 








-3 Ji 












&, 








o h; 












a. 


H-l 






CO CO 












^ 


o 






be be 












ije 








I- i-T 








M-i 




-3 
O 

3 






3 3 b/j 

3 3 3 

QJ QJ X 


--.-I 




(J 


o 




3 


P 

T3 
3 
2 


3 
QJ 

-a 

re 
pq 


Hesse 
Meckl 
Meckl 
Olden 


O 

>^ 

X 
u 
3 


re 
X 
3 

< 


c/3 

3 

3 
i-i 

PQ 


.1 

u 

.3 


4J 


Schaui 
Walde 


O 








P 













20 



^* 



r*— •\**' 






.*>'^* 








_* 


^ 








(-« 


\ 










\ 








\ 


% 








\ 


\ 


• 








_ ^ 
f 


^\f^ * 
















.«'-''''\ 


\ ^-' 








' 'v 




,.—• 


■•• 




/ \ 




/ 
/ 

/ 

I 


* 




1 


^ /■-! 






{ 


# 


/ 

V 

X 


\ 
\ 
1 




1 

1 

1 


i'v 


\.'" 


t 




t 


,. ,-' 










\^ 




00 



< 

O 



^-i 



C^ 



■--•v V 



\_ 



— --i 



■»ij' 



V 4 






Copyright, 1"J20, by Ciinn aud Company 



21 



3 



<L1 

C 3 

S " 
O 



ID 



^ ^ s 



3 



u 3 ca 

H H N 



> 



C 

o 



J3 



u 
O 



o 
be 



bJD ^ 



(L) 

C -^ 
oi 






1:4 2; ^ O > N 



"O 


m 


w 


u 




v 


U 


a; 


^ 




c 


'S 


■5 


4-» 




a. 


o 

"o 
u 


C 

3 



to 








4-1 

re 


6 




•i-i 


c 


43 


ii 




c 

o 


re 

g 





<u 






aj 


+-» 


■*-> 






a 


-4-> 


>A 


t> 


HH 




re 


-Q 





hH 


^ 


CJ 






HH 


o 


'3 


C 






^ 


^c 


OJ 


<-M 


-M 


« 


> 





0) 


a< 


T3 


■& 


>> 


e 

a 


re 

s 


c 
re 




s 


CO 


ID 


^ 


1 




CO 


C 


ON 




(U 


< 


5 




1 




re 




3 
O 


^C 







o 

en 
W 



a^ 

u 



CO 

O 

w 

CO 
CO 

O 

< 

w 

o 

D 
W 



c 
o 



o 



be 
C 

■& 

o 



±! 2 



■T3 
C 

re 



c 

o 



o 



be 






o 



1^ 

-2 ^ 



2 
o 

o 

OJ 

4-> 

o 

u 
C 

re 



aj 
H 



re 


en 


^ 


m 




;_, 




c 


_o 




re 







a, 

CO 


re 


en 

(11 


u 


c 



4^ o 

r-r( "■ ' 

o 

O 
f5 



3 

[2 -^ 



Cu -^ 



d 


bX 


re 


C 


Cu 


re 


CO 


H 



c 
o 



o 



be 






- p 



S -be W 



re 
3. 



c 
re 

o 
u 
3 



-a 
c 
3 



o 



OJ 






000 



? _§ ^ " ■■ 
be -^ OJ (u <u 



c c c b-S 



re 



re >, 

— o c 

.S U o 

o re - o 

?^ ^ U 

C c 

5" "3 o !2 re 

>>W O c/2 g ^ ^ 

^ -d U gi, 8 13. 



" be 
p dj • 



«i 






re ^ 

H-1 •< 



!=! 
.2 

o 
05 

o 

p. 

c i3 

•g - 

o ^+-< 

:=: P 



(u re 



o 





:§ 


w 


(U 


be 


J= 


_s 


4-> 






*CJ 


S 


2 


re 


4-» 





<U 


^ 


42 






1 — i 


c 


+j 





c 



OJ 

s 

fl ^ tn 

a < -3 

a .^ u 

bJO o 

^ -p .S 



'73 

C 

"re 

S 

p 

CO 



3 ^ 



C 
re 
3 
p 
be w 



<u 



p 

4:: 



P <u 

U a. .. 

. . , re re re 

< < <; u u fe 



p 



s w 



-p 

c 
re 



CO 

a 
p 



p re 
D- be 



.5 cl, 



-3^2 



p 



p 



re (-M 



i "< 






re 

OJ 



3 
O 



(U 0) .,-, <u 

M en M en 

tu OJ —. <u 

3 3 P 3 

be be be be 

3 3 c p 

-l-» 4-J ---' 4-1 

P P P 

Pi Ph Ph 



& p 

p 

m; en 

O <U 



eu 

4:: 



re J::: 

p 

J -p 

c 

re 



p 



OJ 



re 
CO 



c ^ 



>~i re 

be "re ,y, 

, re 
P 3 

"be-f, 
c 



T3 o 

S "E 

re «+-( 

2 < 
re 



en 

re 

W 



cd 
43 



c 



/= 4:: 



a 

eu 

a 

bfl en ^ 

< ^ be 

^ be c 

.S W 



re 
be re 



P eu 

U be 

en '^ , 

p E 



c 
p 

OJ 



r; re re 

.^ '^i: en u 

2 ^H re J-i 

O P >^ ii 

O ^ ^ CO 



< 



3 
P 
CO 



re 

p:) 



re 

'd C 
be C 



P 4d 



"re 



C 
P 



eu .. 
en >-^ 

g P 

Cl, re 

S 

be S 

1 a 

O '-•-' 

m; P 

<*H en 
1) 

2 I 
■n p 

o 



re 
o 
p 



T3 
C 

re 



rt 


-<l 


.Sh 


4-1 


i-l 


en 


H-l 


P 


•< 


& 




4=! 



en p 

W CO 

c c 

re re 

S 6 



2 

„ „ s 

<U CJ c^ 



_re 
p 
be 
p 



P- O O 14 H 



22 




Copyright, 1920, by iiiun aud Company 



23 



LESSON XI 



THE WAR AREA OF THE WESTERN FRONT (1914-1918) 



Assignment I. Locate 


the following 


Seine 




The Hague 


Departments of Eastern France : 


Somme 




Havre 


Aisne 

Ardennes 

Haute Marne 

Haute Saone 

Marne 

Meurthe- et-Moselle 

Meuse 


Locate the following bodies of water : 
Bay of Biscay 
North Sea 
Strait of Dover 
English Channel 
Zuider Zee 


La Fere 

Lens 

Laon 

Liege 

Lille 

London 

Louvain 


Nord 
Oise 




Locate Helgoland 




Mainz 
Mannheim 


Pas de Calais 




Assignment III. On the printed 


outline 


Marseilles 


Somme 




map locate the following cities and 


towns : 


Meaux 


Vosges 




Aachen 




Metz 


Locate the following members of the 
German Empire : 


Amiens 
Antwerp 
Belleau Wood 




Mons 

Montdidier 

Namur 


Alsace 
Lorraine 




Bern 
Bordeaux 




Nancy 
Ostend 


Palatinate 




Boulogne 




Paris 


Rhine Province 




Brest 




Peronne 


Locate Luxemburg 




Brussels 

Calais 
Cambrai 




Portsmouth 
Reims (Rheims) 
Rouen 


Assignment II. On the 


tracing sheet 


Cantigny 




St. Mihiel 


used for Assignment I locate the follow- 


Chateau-Thierry 




St. Ouentin 


ing rivers : 




Chaumont 




Sedan 


Garonne 




Coblenz- 




Seicheprey 


Loire 




Cologne 




Soissons 


Marne 




Compiegne 




Southampton 


Meuse 




Cuxhaven 




Strassburg 


Moselle 




Dover 




Toul 


Po 




Dunkirk 




Verdun 


Rhine 




Geneva 




Waterloo 


Rhone 




Ghent 




Ypres 



24 




THE WAR AREA 
OF THE WESTERN FRONT (1914-1918) 



25 



Scale of miles 
50 100 



Copyrii;lit, lU'JO, by Uiuu and Company 



25 



1) 


































.§ 










c 


u 


























y 






s 










4-J 
1) 


o 




E 




£f 




'o 














(-1 
£3 






13 




B 


1) 
P 




<u 


c 

c 
o 


o 

S3 
N 

2 
Q 


1 


C 

O 




1) 
> 


o 
a, 
1- 

> 


c 
o 
-a 

c 
o 


12 




1 

O 


-a 
O 




1) 
-t-j 

in 


bjO 


s 

o 

Pi 


13 
'S 


O 

m 


o 

o 
o 


C3 
V 


Trieste 

Vienna 


































-a 














































ID 


tn 












































4-J 


JJ 














































be 














































c 


















^ 


























<u 




















tH 




















V- . 






^ 


'^ 


















ON 








C 
C 

U 

.!2 


-a 










& 1 


























< 


.2 


hJD 


in 

c 


o 


LTJ 




> 

o 

<; 


er Rack 
t of Dov 


t of Gibr 
t of Mes 


CO 




O 

l-H 
l-H 
l-H 






-a 
2 


.s 




C/3 
CO 




4-J 

a, 




Q 


ex 




•T3 


'bii 

c 


"3 


4= 


4_J 

O 




M) -3 

^ 2 


■| 2 






4-1 

d 


_o 


4-) 






o 




u 

3 


3 




J 


U 


U 


a 


W 


a 


»— ( 


^ 


cri 


CO ^1 


CO CO 




a 




< 


« 


« 


eq 


m 


pq 


W 


t-H 


fi^ 


























d 


















1— 1 

X 


O 


























< 


















^ 


w 




























3 
O 
















o 


X 












































CO 


H 














n 














1-1 
















cy^ 














o 
^ 


4:; 














(D 

4-1 


















o 












be 

.S 
'o 

2 


r3 














«4-( 
O 

to 


















PQ 
W 

O 

D 


& 

CO 


M 


V 
3 

H 


> 




CD 

c 
O 

l-H 
>-H 


8 

l-H 

C 

S 

.bX) 

M 




Corsica 

Crete 

Cyprus 

Iceland 

Sardinia 


c75 




'3 

o 

b£ 
C 

u 


<u 
CO 

.2 

< 


03 
C/} 

c 

s 

bX) 


3 

<D 
O 

O 
< 


CLi 
CO 

13 


r 

<4-. 

o 


CO 

_^ 
u 

s 


C/5 
3 
I-. 
O 
CL, 




U 












a < 


r^ 










































a 




"To 












1) 






























.§> 


o 














■S 






























'to 


^-( 


bJD 












u 






























U) 




G 












o 






























■< 




1 












hJ 

















bD 
C 

O 



(U 



OS 

o 
o 






a 

'S 
to 



bo 

3 

.2 2 
c 



.3 rt 
be bJD 



ra 3 

£ ^ 

3 "bb 



a. 
3 



3 ^ 
cfl 3 



bJD g 
7^ IJ 



o OJ ra 3 



E 

.3 nS 

.S c 
"a, 



o 



OS bx) 
^ 2 



T3 
3 



_-.3jj3iuuun-i>-'>;'iJra3^:i"oR^ 

<<c5Mawu,aaK>i;i;HjSzp;ciiPi; 



2 13 
^ B -i-i 

S -2 Q 



rt 



_ u c5 

m 'Si m 



26 



* y '•'*»_ 



o 




I-H 



^i 



;» 


";^^^ 


s \C^ 






■^^ 


\C^ 


,f 


=v--<^ 


X^. 


^H^^ 




-9 y 




<? 


^ ' ^ 


^-, 


\.^ 


^n ^ 


/ V /l 


'>5)?;-''\ 


■'^ — 


f^n 


-.-— ' ,-• 


^HAfl >-.^ 




ywi, — ^ 


V \ •' 


s S/> ""-— . 






\ ' 




^~~--"*~^» 


-■^^ 





..-?JL 



-v 



Qd ^ o 

o r 

w 
X 
H 

U 

o 

CQ 

O 

OS 



£1 . 



^ -- --^^"O 



fib 



K.. 



■KL 




^Cd 



'<ii 








Copj^ri^'ht. r.*"-''!, by Oinn and Company 



27 



ON 

< 



m 


. 


t-M 




c/3 


o 




'u 




c 


■a 


re 


o 


3 


s 


■4-J 
OS 


o 

XI 


c 
re 


(J 




^ 




(L) 




^ 




"re 


c 


4-» 


m 


f-H 








a, 


<u 




re 


,3 


1-5 


£ 


4-1 


(-1 


o 




-M 


c 


o 


(3 




•-t-« 


s 


3 

o 


XI 


bjO 




I-^ 




-a 


o 




OJ 


o 


< 


3 


■"" 



OJ 

E 

3 
O 

Pi 



^ 3 
be S 



re nj 



OJ 



3 



2 w 

bJO rt 

t^ C^ rrt 

C O 5 £; 

Q ij 



o a 



fQQMOSOOiLO 



X 

o 

in 
H-1 



Q 
O 



w 
X 
H 

W 

o 

w 

CO 

w 

< 
H 

< 
< 

PQ 
W 

X 



C 



'o 



a. 
o 

3 

re 



-a 
re 



OJ 



x: 



re 

D 3 



O 

c 

3 
re 



■ri «3 re •- 



cx re 



b ^ S o 






re 



■5 <<mmuuPOSc/)c/2 



o 



3 

H 



c 




3 


Si 




.re 
IS 






.JS § 




re 
> 


Sh 








Dalmat 
Herzeg 


re 
'5 

"re 

a 


3 

s 


tenegro 
man Em 
mania 


.2 

3 
Oi 


2 

re 

en 

in 

u 


OJ 

S 

u 


.s 


>^ "^ 


^' 


S 


Mon 
Otto 
Rou; 


is 


•<i 


> 

<u 



o 



OJ 

x: 



3 



a s 

m O 
in Cu 

*^ bJD 

c 



3 
re 
X 



re 
B 

o 

.2 CO 



re o 
. bb cj 

"^^-3 2 



rt 



bjo 
3 
3 

X 



3 re 

en o 

O u 

m u 



28 




'Ju, by Ginn and Company 



29 



> 

X 

o 

CO 

m 



n 


-^ 


a. 






3 




>-< 


'^ 


Ah 


a 




E 




« 


W 


CO 


^ 




G 


>, 


Cl> 


^ 


w 



T3 


p^ 






C 
























O 


c 


nj 


w 








n1 


n 






bM 




F 


3 


rn 




o 


Ph 


0) 


•n 




) t 


c 








n 


U 


o 




N 




o 


n 






" 


nJ 




0) 








Xi 









O 




1— t 


rt u 


ON 


o ^ 








„ 2 


&i 


^ O 


< 




Q 

Pi! 
O 


OTE. See 
cipants in 


^ 






Dh 


W 




I 




H 




^ 




W 




H 




fc 




< 




W 


« 


CL, 


c 


O 


5 '55 


P^ 


D 


O 3 


W 





o 

a. 
.E 



o 



^ be 

•s c 



OJ CO 

•s ^ 
o 

° S 

■^ to 
o 



•a "O 

c c 

•5 £ 

tr- ^ 



C C 



.^ O 






,1 1 "^ 



o 



c 
o 

tn 

(X « 
=^ -^ 

-c c 



c 
o 
U 



V 






w 

H 

O 



to m: 

1^ 3 



3 
O 

■a 

to 1) 

<D .C 

to ■" 
to •5 . S 



cx • 

be to 

c 



3 

_o 

> 



ex dj 

4-) 
tU 01 



i1j !> 

3 •£ 



tu y 



(U 



to 



^ *j oj t: „ 



•a 
c 



-o 



-a 



ex — "" .s 



23 I" 
o •£ 



;3 I- S 



-P S3 



o 



ho 



<u 

S c 

.5 <L> 



00 o 





QJ 







,-:^ 




u 

















> 






t/1 


c 






(U 


bfl 


ft 




1-. 


?: 

£ 


OJ 


3 






(U 


tl, 






> 


n 











Di 














^ 






>^ 






to 


J3 


> 


^ 


c 
U 


B 


Tl 




OJ 


S 






k« 




nj 


6 




Dh 


*~' 


(X 


U 



^- en 

S3 § ^ 
.a -a 3 
o <u -a 

£ Cm ID 



tu 

1 

PL, 


cfl 






>^ 


en 

■Si 


u< 




Germ 
Hung 




-t-J 


13 


■4-* 

toi 

p 

< 






c 
3 




OJ 










,__, 


U 





w 


M m 


,-1 


2 






(-. 




CO 


-i-» 


aj 










3 


-C 










QJ 


H 










^ 



n ra 

C OJ 

>< +-> 

3 1) 



r^ -M 



1-' is 

bfi^ 

c 

3 



^ 



•^ .i^ QJ _tt3 



bJO 4s 

3 ^ 
'^ 3 
>, O 

XI X3 






° c 

•5 P5 



-a 
c 



aj 

P- 
o 



-a W 



o < 
o 

G 

O 






pq 



13 ^ 

OJ u 



J5 " 

o e 

■w o 

=^ 3 



S bj3 

C 

SJ t\J 

b£ j=; 

ttj u 

ex 

<u 
(u .1=: 
.•t: c 

10 tc 

o <u 
PL, -a 
a, 

O (U 
J3 

1) -tj 

•£ >« 

o 

c _, 

O t^ 

OJ 



3 2-= 

3 ■- a 



3 



o 

I ^ 

(U ca 



3 



o 






P^l 



XJ 



3 
3 
O 



.bp 
'n 
3 

Q 



rt .3 



Ph 



s ta 

g- tu 
*to bJO 



-^ tx >> 

^ c ■« 

«j o j: 

•C u u 

t-. CJ > 

> 2 to 

"J S S 

sg -2 ^ 

b S '•- 

rt c^ O 

> to 4_» 

^ to T* 

D ji t; 

- 1^ 



>. '-■ «J tu 
„ bo . -e 



- P 2 

3 J2 3 

rt ;iS .0 

o c« 4:: 



ii 1) 



.S ■& 



•a 



OJ 



<u 
6 

3 
O 



PU 
tx ^-^ 

O o 

u a 

O 3 

3 8 

•2 3 

OJ ^ 



o a 

X2 6 



d .2 

■S a 

3 lo 

aj o 

.>- bo 

H 3 



"^ o ii t: 



oi aj 



3 
aj CO 



t^ ^ to 

u. -'-' aj 
ca ^5 



-a o 

CJ ' 

^^ ti) 



PI4 



«i M C 



>, 

£« 



T3 
C 
CO 

c t; 

(U (U 

-a N 
OJ .ti 



Q H-1 ;z; I? c/) c/5 CO 



'^ "-> vo t^ 00 00 

M M „ HH 11 I-. 01 



3 



OJ 

PI. t. 

PL o 
Pm 



pq <B 



tJJ c — 

Co _C 



■a 


a) 




? 


Sf 


rt 








U 


!^ 


3 


><; 


■»^ 


<l 



'to 

o 



n 



ttj 



3 c 



3 

o 

OJ 



U W fc 



c 



E, K-1 K-1 (X, ;:d a < 



™ 'S 

bb.s 

o 

OJ 









"-1 vo t^ CO 
N N (^ (N 



o o 



03 
J5 



c 

O 



t« 



£ 5 



(U 



(u -a 

rt -7- 



4J (U 

a be 

<U tij 

a «=^ 



CO 



O ^ 



OJ 

TJ to 

03 OJ 

s - 

.S '^ 

'G CO 

aj v- 

rv OJ 



^ O 

.5 J2 



03 4-* 



tu <u 

x: x; 



Oh ^ 



C 

aj 
to 

OJ 



aj 



aj 
J3 



M 



3 



aj 
o c 



to 



aj 
E 



aj 



D-, to 

aj <u 

.ti "H 

x: ■" 
tj 



v, c 



aj 

.5 CO OJ -S 



aj 

x: 



>-. o 

;-. OJ 



CO 



-0 

3 



3 >^ 



a.) 



^ te - 3 



c -^ '" 

3 
O 
O 

aj 



aJ j= -ir^ 



e 

aj 



4-. =5 
3 O 

"^ to 

2 aj 
x: 






ca Xh^ 

•5 3 



tu 



Q-tS 



CJ 



x: 



^3 

c 

n3 

to 

cu Pi. 
g E 
c o 

OJ u 

x: 



CO . 

O 



aj 



01 
C 3 

c« O 
^ X3 



1^ ;-, 



c 


OJ 





hn 


t/J 


n 


aj 


X! 
u 



30 









m 
















OJ 
































t/j 














E 


HH 








^^ 




nJ 










rrt 




C 


3 


x; 

to 


aj 



u 




3 

t; 


• ■ 


ta 


W) 




C 


OJ 

aj 


^ 






UJ 


1- 






ffl 


ri 




< 


m 


m 


tlH 







&. 


< 
















" 


(N 


t^ 


^ 


i^ 


\o 


tv. 


fl) 
















x: 
















H 


















y Ciinn and Company 



o 

bo 

c 



P aj C N 



S S 
ID -a 



So .y 

o C •- '" 



>^ 1-. 

n o 
? -a 

u 



c/5H-iumpqoEKlz;c/2UUPHpw 



o 







C^ 








u 






2 








a 




.. 


•c 








^d 




£3 


(U 


\o 






ID 

c 




s 










'3 




w 


o 






M 


o 


o 


o 










c 


Ph 


" — ^ 








2 


■g 


r3 


.2 






rt 


'S 


c 

C3 


1- 

C 
U 
U 


_bp 

3 




< 


3 

t; 

o 


S 

3 


(/) 




pq 






Ph 




u 






1) 








-G 






42 








H 






H 







C^ 











T3 




OT 






OJ 




4-1 






C 




w 






*rt 




t^ 






M 


a; 






s 


0) 

o 


'*— ; 




a! 


OS 


lU 


r— < 


'S 


J2 


C 


<u 


< 


3 


S 


u 




:d 


U 


Ph 


o 










H 











a. 



u 

0) 



o 



OJ 



2 ■> c 

be p3 

c o 

O — > Oh 



bJD 



o 



c 
U 

OJ 

H 



-a 


05 


TJ 


w 


c 


_a; 


C 


CJ 


03 




03 






'S 




'£ 




o 




^ 


O 

■4-» 


"o 
u 

^3 


O 


u 
13 


'U 


C 


'u 


C 


1-1 


pl 


;-< 


rt 


4-» 


>> 


■4-* 


b 




O 




o 



— ij _o 



>^ .Si 

£ o 






ai 



^ t>..y ^_ 



< K 



bjD ^ 
C ' 

3 






ON 



-a 

OJ 

c 
13 



< iS 



H 



u 


x: 


.2 






T3 

d 

03 




<u 
2 




"c 




3 




o 


-a 
> 








o 




OJ 
03 




'o 
o 


o 


'o 

4-* 




en 

03 


"o 
> 

_g 


4^ 
4-J 

u 


c 
o 
(J 

x: 

4_) 


T^ 


-a 








c 

OJ 


•c 

OJ 

4-' 


OS 
OJ 




!« 


s 


<u 






C 




E 




V4 


_c 


E 

03 




'^^ 


0! 


j:3 


-a 


OS 


o 
C 




o3 


^^ 


'S. 


't3 




C 

_o 


03 

4-1 


be 
O 

4-> 

i-T 

o3 


4-» 

c 

OJ 




1? 

"5 

"o 


'o5 


V3 

_aj 

4-> 

c 

3 
O 


E 

w 

x; 
.52 


E 

3 

|5d 


.2 


13' 
1 


1 


tfl 


^ 


x: 

4-1 


< 


s 


o 


U5 

3 


O 


'u 


Tj 


1-. 


"« 




OJ 


fe 




Pi 




PQ 


pq 


m 




OJ 


'u 


2 


XI 


1! 


















H 


d 

3 
O 
U 


o 


IS 


H 



















32 




018 487 464 7 



A 

m^ 



